佛山市烟粉虱隐种类型鉴定、抗性水平及抗性机制分析

Identification of cryptic species types, resistance levels and resistance mechanism analysis of tobacco whitefly Bemisia tabaci in Foshan City

中文关键词:烟粉虱  隐种  抗药性  抗性监测  抗性机理

keywords:Bemisia tabaci  cryptic species  insecticide resistance  resistance monitoring  resistance mechanism

中文摘要:为佛山市精准防控烟粉虱Bemisia tabaci，从佛山市5个区共采集10个烟粉虱田间种群，对其隐种类型进行鉴定，评估其中7个种群对阿维菌素、吡虫啉、吡蚜酮、氟吡呋喃酮、氟啶虫胺腈、噻虫嗪和烯啶虫胺7种常用杀虫剂的敏感性，并解析相关抗性分子机制。结果显示：在采集的10个烟粉虱田间种群中，6个为烟粉虱MEAM1隐种与MED隐种的混合种群，3个为纯MEAM1隐种种群，仅1个为纯MED隐种种群。7个烟粉虱田间种群对阿维菌素均表现敏感，5个烟粉虱田间种群已对吡虫啉产生高水平抗性；6个烟粉虱田间种群已对氟啶虫胺腈产生中等水平抗性、高水平抗性和极高水平抗性；6个烟粉虱田间种群对吡蚜酮为敏感、低水平抗性和中等水平抗性；6个烟粉虱田间种群对烯啶虫胺的抗性为低水平抗性和中等水平抗性；在6个烟粉虱田间种群中，仅XDNC种群对氟吡呋喃酮为敏感性下降，其他5个种群对氟吡呋喃酮均表现为中等水平抗性；6个烟粉虱田间种群对噻虫嗪的抗性差异明显。在烟粉虱噻虫嗪和吡虫啉高抗种群KXL中CYP4C64、GST1、GST5和GST14基因显著上调；在烟粉虱吡虫啉高抗种群ZBST中GST5、GST14、UTG354A1和CYP6CM1基因显著上调；在烟粉虱氟啶虫胺腈极高抗种群FKY中CYP6CM1、GST5和GST14基因显著上调。7个烟粉虱田间种群中CYP4C64抗性突变频率均低于50.0%，而6个种群的乙酰胆碱酯酶1(acetylcholinesterase 1,AChE1)基因均已出现100.0%纯合抗性点突变。综上所述，阿维菌素可作为佛山市烟粉虱防治的优先选择，而吡虫啉和氟啶虫胺腈需谨慎使用，其他4种杀虫剂应根据种群抗性水平差异化施用。

Abstract:To provide a basis for the precise management of tobacco whitefly Bemisia tabaci in Foshan City, ten field populations of B. tabaci were collected from five districts in Foshan. The cryptic species composition was identified, the susceptibility of seven populations to seven commonly used insecticides, including abamectin, imidacloprid, pymetrozine, flupyradifurone, sulfoxaflor, thiamethoxam, and nitenpyram, was evaluated, and the associated molecular mechanisms of resistance were analyzed. The results showed that among the ten field populations of B. tabaci collected, six consisted of a mixed population of the Middle East-Asia Minor 1(MEAM1) and Mediterranean(MED) cryptic species, three were pure MEAM1 populations, and only one was a pure MED population. All seven tested populations were susceptible to abamectin. Five populations exhibited a high resistance to imidacloprid; six populations showed moderate, high, or extremely resistance to sulfoxaflor; six populations were classified as susceptible, low resistant, or moderately resistant to pymetrozine, and six populations exhibited low or moderate resistance to nitenpyram. Among six tested populations, only the XDNC population showed reduced susceptibility to flupyradifurone, whereas the remaining five populations showed moderate resistance. Considerable variation in resistance to thiamethoxam was observed among the six populations. In the KXL population, which showed high resistance to both thiamethoxam and imidacloprid, the expression levels of CYP4C64, GST1, GST5, and GST14 were significantly upregulated. In the imidacloprid-resistance ZBST population, GST5, GST14, UTG354A1, and CYP6CM1 were significantly upregulated. In the sulfoxaflor-resistant FKY population, CYP6CM1, GST5, and GST14 were significantly upregulated. The frequency of resistance-associated mutations in CYP4C64 was below 50.0% in all seven field populations, whereas a 100.0% homozygous resistance-associated point mutation was detected in the acetylcholinesterase 1(AChE1) gene in six populations. In conclusion, abamectin may be a preferred option for the control of B. tabaci in Foshan, while imidacloprid and sulfoxaflor should be used cautiously. The remaining four insecticides should be applied according to the resistance status of local population.