河南省许昌市烟粉虱种群发生动态及与气象因子的相关性

Population dynamics of tobacco whitefly Bemisia tabaci in Xuchang, Henan Province and its correlation with meteorological factors

中文关键词:烟粉虱  城市  农田  高度  种群动态  气象因子

keywords:Bemisia tabaci  urban  farmland  height  population dynamics  meteorological factor

中文摘要:为明确河南省许昌市烟粉虱Bemisia tabaci种群发生动态及其与气象因子的关系，于2024年和2025年在城区和农区布设人工调查与智能监测设备，开展烟粉虱种群动态监测，同步采集分析关键气象因子数据，对二者进行相关性分析和主成分分析。结果表明：许昌市烟粉虱始见期为5月中下旬至6月中下旬，终见期为11月下旬至12月上旬，种群数量基本呈双峰型分布，峰值分别出现在9月上中旬和10月上旬，2025年高峰期较2024年整体提前11～17 d，城区监测点始见期差异明显，在2025年较2024年提前23～30 d。2024年智能设备监测与人工监测的高峰期具有一致性。相关性分析显示，烟粉虱种群数量与旬平均气温、最高/最低气温、极端最高/最低气温、平均相对湿度、降雨量均呈极显著正相关，与旬平均风速呈极显著负相关；农区烟粉虱种群数量还与旬日照时数呈显著负相关。主成分分析进一步证实，气温综合指标是影响烟粉虱种群动态的主导因子，累计贡献率达56.12%。表明许昌市烟粉虱种群动态受到多种因素的共同影响，其中气温是影响烟粉虱种群动态的主要因素。

Abstract:To clarify the population dynamics of the tobacco whitefly Bemisia tabaci in Xuchang City, Henan Province and its relationship with meteorological factors, manual surveys and intelligent monitoring devices were deployed in urban and agricultural areas of Xuchang in 2024 and 2025 to monitor the population dynamics of B. tabaci, while key meteorological data were simultaneously collected and analyzed. The results showed that the initial occurrence period of B. tabaci spanned mid-to-late May to mid-to-late June, while the final occurrence period from late November to early December. The population basically exhibited a bimodal distribution, with peaks appearing in early-to-mid September and early October. Compared with 2024, the population peak periods in 2025 were generally 11-17 days earlier. The initial occurrence period at urban monitoring sites showed a marked difference, occurring approximately 23-30 days earlier. The population peak periods monitored by intelligent devices in 2024 were consistent with those from manual surveys. Correlation analysis showed that the population abundance of B. tabaci was extremely significantly and positively correlated with ten-day mean temperature, maximum and minimum temperature, extreme maximum and minimum temperature, average relative humidity, and precipitation, while exhibiting an extremely significant negative correlation with ten-day mean wind speed. In agricultural areas, the population abundance was also significantly negatively correlated with the ten-day sunshine duration. Principal component analysis further confirmed that the comprehensive temperature index was the dominant factor, with a cumulative contribution rate of 56.12%. These findings indicate that the population dynamics of B. tabaci in Xuchang City are affected by multiple factors, among which temperature serves as the primary influencing factor.