东亚小花蝽对四种苜蓿害虫的捕食能力评估

Evaluation of the predation capacity of mulberry flower bug Orius sauteri on four alfalfa pest species

中文关键词:东亚小花蝽  苜蓿斑蚜  豌豆蚜  西花蓟马  牛角花齿蓟马  捕食功能反应  生物防治

keywords:Orius sauteri  Therioaphis trifolii  Acyrthosiphon pisum  Frankliniella occidentalis  Odontothrips loti  functional response  biological control

中文摘要:为明确东亚小花蝽Orius sauteri对苜蓿田4种主要害虫的捕食能力，在实验室条件下测定东亚小花蝽雌、雄成虫对苜蓿斑蚜Therioaphis trifolii、豌豆蚜Acyrthosiphon pisum、西花蓟马Frankliniella occidentalis和牛角花齿蓟马Odontothrips loti的捕食量，并对捕食功能反应、搜寻效应及自身密度干扰效应进行拟合与分析。结果表明：东亚小花蝽对4种害虫的捕食功能反应均符合Holling II型模型，其中对西花蓟马的捕食效率最高，理论日最大捕食量达61.305～63.343头，控害效能超过70%，而对苜蓿斑蚜和豌豆蚜2种蚜虫的捕食效率较低；搜寻效应随猎物密度增加而下降，其中对蓟马类害虫的搜寻效应下降较缓，对蚜虫类害虫的下降显著；东亚小花蝽自身密度增加显著抑制个体捕食量，表明东亚小花蝽个体间存在强烈干扰效应，且性别间无显著差异。

Abstract:To clarify the predation capacity of mulberry flower bug Orius sauteri on four major insect pests in alfalfa fields, the daily predation rates of female and male adults of O. sauteri on Therioaphis trifolii, Acyrthosiphon pisum, Frankliniella occidentalis, and Odontothrips loti were measured under laboratory conditions. The functional response, searching efficiency, and intraspecific interference effects were fitted and analyzed. The results showed that the functional responses of O. sauteri to all four pest species conformed to the Holling type II model. Orius sauteri exhibited the highest predation efficiency against F. occidentalis, with a theoretical maximum daily predation rate of 61.305-63.343 individuals and a pest control efficacy exceeding 70%, whereas its predation efficiency against the two aphid species(T. trifolii and A. pisum) was relatively low. Searching efficiency decreased with increasing prey density, with a slower decline for thrips and a more pronounced decline for aphids. An increase in the density of O. sauteri significantly reduced individual predation, indicating strong intraspecific interference among O. sauteri individuals, with no significant difference between sexes.