神经肽对昆虫取食行为的调控作用及机制研究进展

Research progress on regulatory mechanisms of neuropeptides in regulating insect feeding behavior

中文关键词:昆虫取食行为  表型可塑性  神经回路  神经肽  饥饿感知

keywords:insect feeding behavior  phenotypic plasticity  neural circuit  neuropeptides  starvation sensing

中文摘要:取食对昆虫多种生理活动至关重要，昆虫取食行为可分为饥饿感知、觅食和进食3个阶段。每个阶段的行为都由相应的神经肽信号系统调节，从而引导其获取适宜的食物，并维持营养摄入与代谢之间的平衡，保证昆虫的生长、发育、繁殖和其他生命活动正常进行。该文以模式昆虫黑腹果蝇Drosophila melanogaster的取食行为机理研究为主，以其他农业害虫取食行为机理研究为辅，阐述昆虫如何根据自身生理状态，将营养需求转化为神经内分泌信号，进而调节取食行为。重点综述神经肽在昆虫取食行为各个阶段中的调控作用及其机理，回顾在调控昆虫取食行为神经回路方面的重要发现，并从分子调控机制方面进行展望，以期为创建害虫取食行为控制技术提供理论依据。

Abstract:Feeding behavior is essential for many physiological activities of insects, which can be divided into three stages: starvation sensing, foraging and feeding. Each stage of the behavior is regulated by the corresponding neuropeptide signaling system, to guide them to obtain suitable food, maintain the balance between nutrient intake and metabolism. Subsequently, the normal growth, development, reproduction and other life activities of insects will be ensured. This article focuses on the mechanism of feeding behavior in the model insect Drosophila melanogaster, supplemented by the other agricultural insect pests. This review systematically introduces how insects transform nutritional needs into neuroendocrine signals according to their own physiological states. Particularly, the regulatory mechanism of neuropeptides and important discoveries in the neural circuits in various stages of insect feeding behavior. Furthermore, we outlooked the molecular regulation mechanism to provide a theoretical basis for the development of insect feeding behavior control method.