次生代谢物介导的植物与烟粉虱互作分子机制及其绿色防控

Secondary metabolites-mediated interaction between plants and whiteflies: molecular mechanisms and eco-friendly management

中文关键词:烟粉虱  植物次生代谢物  化学感受  解毒  害虫综合治理

keywords:Bemisia tabaci  plant secondary metabolite  chemosensation  detoxification  integrated pest management

中文摘要:在植物与植食性昆虫长期协同进化过程中，植物进化出了复杂的化学防御体系，而昆虫也进化出了相应的反防御机制。烟粉虱Bemisia tabaci作为一种重大农业害虫，通过直接取食韧皮部汁液、分泌蜜露诱发煤污病以及传播植物病毒等方式对农作物造成严重的影响。植物次生代谢物作为植物重要的化学防御物质在防御烟粉虱时发挥着关键作用，烟粉虱也通过其精细的化学感受与解毒代谢系统来应对防御物质。该文系统总结萜类、酚类、含氮化合物及酰基糖等主要防御次生代谢物在植物防御烟粉虱中的功能及相关作用机制，并阐述烟粉虱对寄主植物次生代谢物的化学感受以及代谢解毒等适应机制。同时，从多环境条件验证、多技术整合、非靶标效应评估及新兴技术应用等方面探讨基于植物化学防御机制介导的烟粉虱综合防控技术的未来研究方向。旨在深入理解次生代谢物介导的植物-烟粉虱互作的生态与分子机制，为培育作物抗虫品种以及开发可持续害虫综合治理策略提供理论依据。

Abstract:During the long co-evolution arms race between plants and herbivorous insects, plants have evolved sophisticated chemical-based defense mechanisms, while herbivores also developed intricate counter-defense mechanisms. The tobacco whitefly Bemisia tabaci, a major agricultural pest, causes severe economic losses through ingesting phloem sap, excreting honeydew that promotes sooty mold growth, and transmitting numerous plant viruses. Plant secondary metabolites constitute a central chemical defense against whiteflies; in response, tobacco whiteflies have evolved advanced chemosensory and metabolic detoxification systems to circumvent plant defensive defensive compounds. This review systematically summarized the functions and mechanisms of major defensive secondary metabolites, including terpenes, phenolics, nitrogen-containing compounds, and acylsugars, in plant defense against tobacco whiteflies. This review also further examines the chemosensory and metabolic detoxification mechanisms that whiteflies deploy against these compounds. Meanwhile, we discuss further research directions for integrated management strategies based on plant chemical defenses, including validation under multiple environments, integration of multiple technologies, assessment of non-target effects, and application of novel approaches. This review aims to provide a theoretical foundation for advancing the understanding of secondary metabolites-mediated plant-whitefly interaction, guiding direction for breeding insect-resistant crop varieties, and developing sustainable pest management strategies.