烟粉虱成灾机制与绿色精准防控研究进展

Research progress on outbreak mechanisms and green precision control of tobacco whitefly Bemisia tabaci

中文关键词:烟粉虱  成灾机制  地中海隐种  抗药性  绿色精准防控  综合治理

keywords:Bemisia tabaci  outbreak mechanism  Mediterranean cryptic species  insecticide resistance  green precision control  integrated management

中文摘要:烟粉虱Bemisia tabaci是全球性重大刺吸式害虫，可通过取食植物造成直接危害，亦可传播多种植物病毒间接影响植物正常生长。在中国，该虫成灾风险主要受隐种替代、寄主适应性、媒介传毒、抗药性演化和栽培环境共同影响。近年来，烟粉虱地中海隐种在多个调查地区优势化，且以烟粉虱为唯一已知传播媒介的番茄黄化曲叶病毒扩散态势加剧。同时，烟粉虱地中海隐种田间种群对多类药剂的敏感性下降，削弱了单纯依赖化学药剂压低虫口策略的稳定性。该文围绕烟粉虱重要隐种在中国的发生发展历程，系统综述其危害性、隐种替代、寄主适应性、与病毒互作、抗药性机制及绿色防控技术，旨在为烟粉虱的绿色防控提供参考。

Abstract:Tobacco whitefly Bemisia tabaci is a globally significant piercing-sucking pest that causes direct damage to plants by feeding and also indirectly affects normal plant growth by transmitting various plant viruses. In China, the outbreak risk of this pest is primarily influenced by cryptic species replacement, host adaptation, virus transmission, insecticide resistance evolution, and cultivation environments. In recent years, the Mediterranean cryptic species (MED) has become dominant in multiple surveyed regions, and the spread of tomato yellow leaf curl virus, which is transmitted by B. tabaci, has intensified. Meanwhile, field populations of MED have shown reduced sensitivity to multiple classes of insecticides, weakening the stability of control strategies that rely solely on chemical pesticides to suppress pest populations. This article systematically reviews the occurrence and development of important B. tabaci cryptic species in China, focusing on their damage, cryptic species replacement, host adaptation, interactions with viruses, insecticide resistance mechanisms, and green control technologies, aiming to provide a scientific basis for the sustainable management of B. tabaci.