氨基寡糖素对小麦条锈病防控及增产效果评估

Evaluation of the effect of chitosan oligosaccharides on wheat stripe rust control and yield enhancement

中文关键词:氨基寡糖素  小麦条锈病  绿色植保  防控效果

keywords:chitosan oligosaccharides  wheat stripe rust  green plant protection  control efficacy

中文摘要:为明确氨基寡糖素在小麦上对条锈病的防控效果，通过室内和田间试验分析不同浓度氨基寡糖素处理对小麦接种条锈菌Puccinia striiformis f.sp.tritici后的抗病表型及产量的影响。室内试验结果表明：叶面喷施稀释200倍、500倍和1 000倍的氨基寡糖素均能诱导小麦对条锈菌产生抗性，且浓度越大持效期越长，其中稀释200倍处理后的抗性可持续7 d。田间试验结果显示，接种病菌前3 d施用稀释500倍、剂量为45.0 g (a.i.)/hm²的氨基寡糖素，对小麦条锈病的防控效果达到75.86%，而稀释1 000倍、剂量22.5 g (a.i.)/hm²的氨基寡糖素与51.6 g (a.i.)/hm²减量戊唑醇联合处理的防控效果提升至86.32%。此外，在返青期和抽穗扬花期2次喷施稀释1 000倍的氨基寡糖素，显著增加了小麦穗粒数。表明氨基寡糖素叶面喷施不仅能有效防控小麦条锈病，还具有一定增产潜力。

Abstract:To clarify the control effect of chitosan oligosaccharides on wheat stripe rust, through laboratory and field experiments, the resistance and yield of wheat inoculated with fungal pathogen Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici after treatment with different concentrations of chitosan oligosaccharides were investigated. Indoor experimental results showed that foliar spraying with 200×, 500×, and 1 000× dilutions of chitosan oligosaccharides could induce resistance to stripe rust in wheat, with higher concentrations providing longer-lasting effects. The 200× dilution treatment maintained resistance to stripe rust for up to seven days. Field experiments demonstrated that applying 45.0 g (a.i.)/hm² of 500× diluted chitosan oligosaccharides three days before inoculation with this pathogen achieved a control efficiency of 75.86%, while the combined treatment of 1 000× diluted chitosan oligosaccharides and reduced tebuconazole increased the control efficiency to 86.32%. Additionally, two applications of 1 000× diluted chitosan oligosaccharides at thereviving and heading stages significantly increased the number of grains per spike. The results indicate that foliar spraying of chitosan oligosaccharides not only effectively controls wheat stripe rust but also has the potential to increase yield.