MAPK信号途径在昆虫生长发育和免疫抗性中的作用

The role of the MAPK signaling pathway in insect growth, development, and immune resistance

中文关键词:MAPK信号途径  昆虫  生长发育  免疫抗性

keywords:MAPK signaling pathway  insects  growth and development  immunity resistance

中文摘要:丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（mitogen-activated protein kinase，MAPK）信号途径广泛存在于真核细胞中，主要功能是将细胞外刺激信号转导至细胞内，从而调控真核生物的重要生物学过程。昆虫MAPK信号途径的研究最初主要集中于MAPK级联家族成员的鉴定及其表达模式的构建，后随着研究的深入，重点逐渐转向探讨昆虫MAPK信号途径与其他信号通路的相互作用、MAPK信号途径基因的表达调控以及其对下游靶标和磷酸化位点的影响等方面。该文总结了MAPK信号途径在黑腹果蝇Drosophila melanogaster、家蚕Bombyx mori、埃及伊蚊Aedes aegypti和小菜蛾Plutella xylostella等昆虫生长发育和免疫抗性机制中的作用，并对未来的研究方向进行了展望，以期为进一步揭示昆虫中MAPK信号途径的调控机制及功能研究提供参考。

Abstract:The mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPK) signaling pathway is widely conserved in eukaryotic cells, where it plays a crucial role in transducing extracellular signals to regulate important biological functions. Early research on insect MAPK signaling pathways primarily focused on the identification of MAPK cascade family members and the construction of their expression profiles. With deeper investigations, the focus gradually shifted towards exploring the interactions between the insect MAPK signaling pathway and other signaling pathways, the regulation of MAPK gene expression, and its effects on downstream targets and phosphorylation sites. This review summarizes the role of the MAPK signaling pathway in the growth, development and immune resistance mechanisms of key insects such as Drosophila melanogaster, Bombyx mori, Aedes aegypti, and Plutella xylostella. Additionally, it discusses prospective research directions, aiming to provide insights into the regulatory mechanisms and functional roles of the MAPK signaling pathway in insects.