巴彦淖尔市天然草地昆虫多样性及其与植被的相关性分析

Analysis of insect diversity and its correlation with vegetation in the natural grasslands of Bayannur, Inner Mongolia

中文关键词:天然草地  昆虫群落  植被种类  植被盖度  多样性

keywords:natural grassland  insect community  vegetation species  vegetation coverage  diversity

中文摘要:为有效防治天然草地的害虫和修复天然草地，采用Z字形扫网取样法对巴彦淖尔市温性荒漠草原、温性草原化荒漠、温性典型草原和温性荒漠4种天然草地类型的昆虫种类和数量、植被种类和植被盖度进行实地调查，对4种草地类型的昆虫群落进行多样性分析和相似性分析，并对昆虫群落多样性与植被因子（植被种类及植被盖度）进行相关性分析。结果显示：自巴彦淖尔市4种天然草原中共采集了2 675头昆虫，隶属8目35科54属69种，其中直翅目昆虫种类最多，是巴彦淖尔市天然草原的优势种；温性荒漠草原昆虫群落的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和Margalef丰富度指数显著高于其他3种草地类型；4种草地类型昆虫物种的Jaccard相似性系数均小于0.50，表明各草地类型之间昆虫物种的差异较大；植被种类与昆虫群落的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Margalef丰富度指数正相关，且植被种类对4种草地类型的贡献率均较高，表明天然草地的植被越丰富，昆虫多样性指数就越高。

Abstract:In order to effectively control the pests of natural grasslands and repair natural grasslands,the Z-shaped sweeping net sampling method was used to investigate the insect species and quantity, vegetation species and vegetation coverage of four natural grassland types, including temperate desert steppe, temperate steppe desert, temperate typical steppe and temperate desert in Bayannur City. The diversity and similarity of insect communities in these grassland types were analyzed, along with the correlation between insect community diversity and vegetation factors (vegetation species and vegetation coverage). The results showed that a total of 2 675 insects were collected from the four natural grasslands in Bayannur City, belonging to eight orders, 35 families, 54 genera and 69 species. Among them, Orthoptera species were the most abundant and constituted the dominant species. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Margalef richness index of insect community in temperate desert steppe were significantly higher than those in the other three grassland types. The Jaccard similarity coefficients of insect species in the four grassland types were less than 0.50, indicating that there were significant differences in insect species among the grassland types. The vegetation species were positively correlated with the Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Margalef richness index of the insect community, with vegetation species contributing greatly to diversity in the four grassland types. This indicates that the richer the vegetation in the natural grasslands of Bayannur City, the higher the insect diversity index.