基于微卫星标记的高原鼢鼠种群遗传多样性分析

Genetic diversity analysis of the plateau zokor Eospalax baileyi population using microsatellite markers

中文关键词:高原鼢鼠  微卫星  遗传多样性  相似生境

keywords:plateau zokor  microsatellite  genetic diversity  similar habitat

中文摘要:为明确高原鼢鼠Eospalax baileyi种群遗传多样性对青藏高原草地生态系统的影响，采用微卫星标记技术分析四川省若尔盖县麦溪乡和红星乡以及红原县安曲镇3个样地的高原鼢鼠种群遗传多样性。结果表明：在100只样本及筛选的10个微卫星位点中，Ectl10和Ectl22位点的等位基因数最多，为19~20个，Ectl48位点的等位基因数最少，为2个，有效等位基因数平均为4.20，有效等位基因数偏少表明高原鼢鼠的遗传多样性较低；哈迪-温伯格平衡检验结果显示等位基因位点在种群中处于极不平衡状态，表明高原鼢鼠近亲繁殖较为普遍，种群间基因交流受阻，自由交流具有一定的局限性；聚类分析发现若尔盖县和红原县的高原鼢鼠种群基因受地理隔离而交流受阻，二者之间亲缘关系较远。说明高原鼢鼠在相似生境、不同地理位置间的遗传多样性较低，但存在一定程度的遗传分化和基因流阻隔。

Abstract:In order to clarify the effects of genetic diversity of plateau zokor Eospalax baileyi population on grassland ecosystems in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the genetic diversity of plateau zokor populations in Maixi and Hongxing townships in Ruo’ergai County, and Anqu Township in Hongyuan County, Sichuan Province was analyzed with the microsatellite marker technique. The results showed that among the 100 samples analyzed across ten selected microsatellite loci, loci Ectl10 and Ectl22 exhibited the highest allele counts (ranging from 19 to 20), whereas locus Ectl48 had the lowest, with only two alleles. The average number of effective alleles was 4.20, indicating a low genetic diversity. HardyWeinberg equilibrium test results indicated a significant imbalance in allele frequencies within the population, suggesting prevalent inbreeding and restricted gene flow between populations, with limited opportunities for free genetic exchange. Cluster analysis results indicated that genetic exchange between the plateau zokor populations in Ruo’ergai County and Hongyuan County was impeded, with a distant genetic relationship facilitated by geographic differences, leading to geographic isolation. Overall, the plateau zokor exhibits low genetic diversity across similar habitats in different geographic locations, with evident genetic differentiation and barriers to gene flow.