天然草原植物病害研究进展

Progress in researches on natural grassland diseases

中文关键词:天然草原  病害  影响因素  草地生态系统  病害防治

keywords:grassland and rangeland  disease  influencing factor  grassland ecosystem  disease control

中文摘要:植物病害是草地生产力和可持续发展的关键限制因素之一，目前国内外多关注以紫花苜蓿Medicago sativa为代表的栽培草地植物病害，而天然草原病害的相关研究非常薄弱，严重限制了草原植物病害防控技术的研发和生产实践。该文系统综述了天然草原植物病害的种类及其主要寄主植物，继而梳理了病害发生、发展的规律以及生物因素和非生物因素对病害的影响，在此基础上分析了植物病害对天然草原生态系统演替的作用，着重讨论了植物病害对草地生产力和植物群落结构的影响，并对未来研究的重点和方向进行了展望，提出了应综合生态学思想并着重研发绿色调控技术的建议。

Abstract:Plant diseases are one of the key limiting factors for the productivity and sustainable development of grasslands. At present, much attention has been paid in China and abroad to plant diseases in cultivated grasslands represented by Medicago sativa, while the research related to natural grassland plant diseases is scarce, which obviously restricts the research and development of grassland plant disease prevention and control technologies as well as the production practice. The article systematically reviews the types of plant diseases and their main host plants in natural grassland, and reveal the pattern of disease occurrence and development, as well as the influence of biotic and abiotic factors on the diseases. In addition, analyses of the role of plant diseases on the succession of natural grassland ecosystems are performed with emphasis on the influence of plant diseases on the productivity of the grassland and the structure of the plant community. The focus and direction of future research is outlined, and suggestions are made to synthesize ecological ideas to conduct in-depth research and focus on the research and development of green control technologies.