sRNA移动在植物与植食性昆虫互作中的作用

Research progress on the interaction between plants and herbivorous insects based on sRNA movement

中文关键词:小RNA  移动方式  害虫生物防治  植物  植食性昆虫  互作

keywords:small RNA  movement mode  biological pest control  plant  phytophagous insect  interaction

中文摘要:植食性昆虫与植物间存在多种互作，涉及到基因表达、代谢组学变化和植物激素串扰等多个方面。小RNA（small RNA，sRNA）作为一种植食性昆虫与植物间的调节因子可在基因转录或转录后起作用，主要表现为控制染色体的剪接和翻译，诱导信使RNA（messenger RNA，mRNA）抑制和指导靶转录本降解等。因此，sRNA介导的基因调控是植食性昆虫与植物互作研究中的重要内容。其中，外源sRNA在植食性昆虫和植物细胞间、细胞外以及生物体间的信号分子作用备受关注，且基于sRNA的生物防治技术研究也逐渐被应用于实践。该文主要对sRNA在植食性昆虫和植物间的迁移方式及sRNA在植食性昆虫和植物生长发育过程中产生的影响进行综述，探讨sRNA对植物-寄生体-植食性昆虫体系的影响，并对sRNA在农业重大虫害生物防治领域的应用前景进行展望，以期开发绿色高效的生物防治药剂，减少化学农药用量，创造更高的经济价值和环保价值。

Abstract:The interactions between herbivorous insects and plants involve various processes, including gene expression, metabolomic changes, and plant hormone crosstalk. As a key regulatory factor between herbivorous insects and plants, small RNA (sRNA) plays a crucial role in gene transcription or post-transcription by controlling chromosome splicing, translation, inhibiting messenger RNA (mRNA) and guiding target transcript degradation. Therefore, RNA-mediated gene regulation is essential for understanding the interaction between herbivorous insects and plants. The research on signaling molecules of exogenous sRNA between herbivorous insects and plant cells, as well as within extracellular and biological systems, is gaining popularity. Additionally, studies on sRNA-based biological control are developing vigorously. This review summarized the migration mode of sRNA between herbivorous insects and plants, the influence of sRNA on their growth and development, and explored the influence of sRNA on the plant-parasite-herbivorous insect system. In addition, the biotechnology prospects of sRNA in agricultural pest control were also outlined, with the aim of developing green and efficient biological control agents, reducing pesticide use and creating higher economic and environmental values.