草地植物保护学科研究现状与展望

Research status and prospects of grassland plant protection discipline

中文关键词:草原生物多样性  生态位  生物农药  综合防治  草地植保

keywords:grassland biodiversity  ecological niche  biological pesticide  comprehensive prevention and control  grassland plant protection

中文摘要:草地植保是预防和控制病、虫、草、鼠害对草地植物的危害，确保草地生态系统健康发展的一门学科。传统防治方法农药用量大且施用频繁，极易引发3R（抗性、再增猖獗和残留）问题，同时不可避免地对生态环境造成较严重的损害。因此，转变草原生物灾害的防控理念显得尤为迫切。该文从多个维度对草原主要生物灾害发生的现状、成因以及相应的防控策略与手段进行总结，并基于促进草地生态系统长期、可持续发展的目标，倡导采用一系列环境友好、操作便捷且经济高效的防治措施。此外，为促进草地生态系统绿色健康发展，践行强农兴农使命，从草原生物多样性、新型生物农药研发、生态治理等多方面组稿，探讨草地管理措施在调控草原有害生物种群动态方面所展现出的积极潜力与显著成效，以期积极推动草地植物保护学科向更高质量的方向迈进。

Abstract:Grassland plant protection is science about preventing and controlling the damage caused by diseases, pests, weeds, and rodents to grassland plants, ensuring the health development of the grassland ecosystem. Traditional pest control methods require large amounts of chemicals and frequent application, which can easily lead to the 3R (resistance, resurgence, and residue) issues, and inevitably cause significant damage to the ecological environment. In light of this, it is particularly urgent to shift the concept of controlling grassland biological disasters. This special issue analyzed the current situation, causes, and corresponding prevention and control strategies and means of major grassland biological disasters from multiple dimensions, especially in China. To promote the long-term sustainable development of grassland ecosystems, we advocate for a series of environmentally friendly, easy-to-operate, and cost-effective prevention and control measures. At the same time, in order to promote the green and healthy development of grassland ecosystems, fulfill the mission of strengthening agriculture and revitalizing rural areas, we have collected contributions from multiple aspects such as grassland biodiversity, research and development of new biopesticides, and ecological governance to explore the positive potential and significant effectiveness of grassland management measures in regulating the population dynamics of biological disasters in grasslands, in order to actively promote the construction and development of plant protection disciplines towards higher quality.