农田节肢动物食物网结构与天敌控害功能

Arthropod food web structure and the biocontrol services of natural enemies in agro-ecosystems

中文关键词:农田生态系统  生物多样性  营养互作  天敌-害虫食物网  害虫生物控制

keywords:agro-ecosystem  biodiversity  trophic interaction  enemy-pest food web  biological pest control

中文摘要:传统的节肢动物群落多样性研究主要关注物种的丰富度、群落结构及其动态变化，难于深入解析多物种间的复杂作用关系及生态功能的内在驱动机制。节肢动物食物网组建及结构分析，可以评价不同营养层级物种间的相互作用，进而阐明天敌生物控害作用等食物网功能的调控机制。该文系统梳理了农田节肢动物食物网的组成和评价方式，介绍其结构与功能关系，并结合食物网理论在害虫生物防治中的应用实践，总结物种内部作用和外界环境变化对食物网结构及功能的影响，深化了对食物网结构介导的天敌控害功能的认识，为优化农田害虫生物控制理论提供了参考。

Abstract:Classical arthropod community studies mainly focus on species richness, community structure and their dynamic changes, but few studies have sufficiently evaluated the mechanisms that drive species interactions and ecological functions. Arthropod food web mainly describes and evaluates species interactions belonging to different trophic levels. Food web structure analysis is helpful for disentangling the mechanisms that drive the biological pest control of natural enemies. The studies of the composition and evaluation approaches of arthropod food web structure were summarized, especially the relationships between network feature and ecosystem services of biocontrol agents. The effects of species interaction and environmental changes on food web structure and function were also discussed.This provides an insight into ecosystem functionality mediated by arthropod food web structure, and helps optimize the biological pest control strategy in agro-ecosystems.